German Words for Beginners
    Verb

    erzählen

    to tell, to narrate

    Erzählen (to tell, to recount) is a regular weak verb: ich erzähle, du erzählst, er erzählt, wir erzählen, ihr erzählt, sie erzählen. The simple past is erzählte. The past participle is erzählt with no ge- prefix, because the inseparable prefix er- blocks it. The perfect takes haben: er hat mir alles erzählt (he told me everything).

    The verb takes two objects at once, and their cases differ. The person you tell goes in the dative, and the thing you tell goes in the accusative: ich erzähle dir eine Geschichte (I am telling you a story). Getting dir rather than dich here is the main grammar point to practice.

    German separates several verbs that English lumps under "to tell" and "to say". Erzählen means to narrate something at length: a story, a joke, what happened at work. Sagen means to say a specific thing: sie sagt, dass es regnet (she says it is raining). Reden and sprechen both mean to talk or speak, describing the activity rather than the content.

    The verb is related to zählen (to count), and the connection survives in English too, where "to tell" once meant counting, as in a bank teller.

    Useful related words: die Erzählung is a story or short narrative, der Erzähler is the narrator, and erzähl mal! is a casual way to say "go on, tell me".

    Present tense conjugation of erzählen
    Regular verb

    English

    to tell, to narrate

    icherzähle
    duerzählst
    er/sie/eserzählt
    wirerzählen
    ihrerzählt
    sie/Sieerzählen

    Perfekt

    ich habe erzählt

    Partizip II

    erzählt

    Auxiliary

    haben
    Vocabulary lists with erzählen

    erzählen appears in the following vocabulary collections:

    Example Sentences
    • Ich erzähle eine kurze Geschichte.

      I tell a short story.

      The verb stays in second position.

    • Kannst du mir etwas erzählen?

      Can you tell me something?

      Modal verb sends the main verb to the end.

    • Er erzählt jeden Tag eine Geschichte.

      He tells a story every day.

      Time comes before the object.

    Frequently asked questions about erzählen
    What does erzählen mean in German?
    Erzählen means "to tell" or "to recount", in the sense of narrating something: a story, a joke, or an account of events.
    How do you conjugate erzählen?
    The present tense is ich erzähle, du erzählst, er/sie/es erzählt, wir erzählen, ihr erzählt, sie erzählen. It is a regular weak verb with no stem changes.
    Why is the past participle erzählt and not geerzählt?
    The prefix er- is inseparable, and inseparable prefixes block the ge- on the past participle. The same rule gives besucht from besuchen and verkauft from verkaufen.
    What is the difference between erzählen and sagen?
    Erzählen means telling something at length, like a story or an account of your day. Sagen means saying a specific piece of information: er sagt nichts (he says nothing).
    Which case does erzählen take?
    It takes the dative for the person and the accusative for the thing: ich erzähle meinem Bruder einen Witz (I am telling my brother a joke). The listener is dative, the story is accusative.